Too bad you probably need something like an 8x B300 node to run this. Black Friday is coming soon though, but I fear this open intelligence will be pacing anyone's liquidity frontier so I'll probably keep trailing the frontier for a while with nvidia/qwen3.8-27B-NVFP4 on dual RTX PRO 4000 in TP=2. I can almost fit 450k context in there.
bityard 2 hours ago [-]
Models this size aren't targeting hobbyists running models in their bedrooms on gaming/surplus hardware bought with disposable income.
This model is for researchers who already have racks of equipment, inference providers who sell access to models, and for businesses who must (or choose to) use on-prem models. All of which have to pay to use the model if their revenue rises beyond certain thresholds: https://huggingface.co/moonshotai/Kimi-K3.1-Pro/blob/main/LI...
zozbot234 2 hours ago [-]
It's only "model as a service" providers beyond the stated threshold that have to pay. No issues for any kind of purely internal use.
minton 59 minutes ago [-]
> more than $20 million…in monthly revenue
Sign me up!
zozbot234 57 minutes ago [-]
The model-as-a-service clause (which is new to the K3 series) actually only requires $20 million over 12 months - i.e. yearly revenue.
joecot 2 hours ago [-]
The benefit is that you can use these models on a variety of different providers. You're not stuck with a single proprietary provider. Aggregators like OpenCode Zen and OpenCode Go can shop around providers on these. OpenRouter shows you the costs of a bunch of the providers, and you can route to the cheapest ones.
I regularly use together.ai with models like this, where they're fully self hosting them and I can turn off all data retention, at a fraction of the cost of proprietary models. I recently discovered abliterated models (models edited to not refuse to work on security stuff) and hosts for them like refuseless.com, and that's an option for open source models, not for proprietary ones.
penagwin 1 hours ago [-]
> Aggregators like OpenCode Zen and OpenCode Go can shop around providers on these. OpenRouter shows you the costs of a bunch of the providers, and you can route to the cheapest ones.
Unfortunately due to their licensing requirements for modal-as-a-service providers, the pricing can’t go lower than Moonshot’s from what I can tell.
This is still great if like your example you trust together.ai more, or if different providers have better speeds/cache rates (though usually the original lab has the best cache hit rate).
And obviously if you’re a large enough service to afford to self host or finetune it then this is good.
athrowaway3z 38 minutes ago [-]
I didn't dig into Kimi's MaaS legalese, but i dont really understand how that knee-high fence is supposed to work long term.
All the service provider needs to do is provide the option to rent out VM's with access to the inference cards.
Have the customer provide the model.
Maybe provide a bit of a speedup, by letting the customer mount the model by hash.
Sure, that all sounded way too technical 10 years ago, and somebody would have said that's already too much annoyance to deal with for average customers.
Reluctantly i'd agree.
That was 10 years ago. Nowadays, with some proper docs, this entire set up can be up and running in 5 minutes.
joecot 1 hours ago [-]
Maybe for the API rate, but for OpenCode Go they're regularly making deals to get users a lot more than their money's worth on open source models.
zozbot234 3 hours ago [-]
You could easily run it with SSD streaming on as little as 192GB RAM (The dense portion is around 115GB or so at native precision, and the remainder would fit KV and a cache for the most commonly referenced experts.) This fits Gorgon Halo, which is a reasonably priced platform. It would be slow, but still usable for high-value tasks.
thway15269037 2 hours ago [-]
Excuse me, could you elaborate how you came up with 192GB of RAM? I almost thought they downsized model, but it's still 2.8T tokens. Are we talking about not-yet-out 1-bit quant or assumption that something like ds4 (daskstar, not deepseek) will heavily optimize it?
Not a trolling question, genuine interest.
labcomputer 1 hours ago [-]
All these very large models are sparse mixtures of experts (SMoE), where typically only 2-3% of weights are active for a given forward pass.
Usually there are some static experts in each attention layer, plus a whole bunch of dynamically-routed experts. Typically some form of LRU cache is used for the dynamic experts.
So you can keep only the static expert(s) and routing layers in memory and then stream the dynamic experts from SSD, at a modest inference speed cost driven by the latency required to load layers from SSD when they aren’t already in the memory cache.
The LRU cache works reasonably well because a given task will often hit the same experts on each iteration of the forward pass.
For example, on a Mac Studio, Qwen3.8-flash-next (180b total parameters) with 50% of experts in memory and n-gram offloading has about 1/4 to 1/3 the inference speed of everything in memory. That requires 32GB of vRAM for the weights (plus a little extra for context, obviously)
zozbot234 1 hours ago [-]
It's not based on loading the full 1.5TB model into VRAM or system RAM, it's just streaming parameters on demand from SSD - which is worthwhile since the MoE portion of the model is quite sparsely accessed. This has been demoed on a 128GB M5 MacBook Pro with lousy performance (0.3 tok/s or so) because it had to load at least ~25GB from SSD per token (comprising the entirety of the sparsely routed active params) and potentially even reload some of the dense weights, depending on what exactly managed to fit on that platform. With 192GB you'd avoid any reloading for the dense weights and even cache a few layer-experts.
adgjlsfhk1 2 hours ago [-]
it's a mixture of experts so it's somewhat viable to stream weights from nvme
2 hours ago [-]
boznz 42 minutes ago [-]
Due to costs I am unfortunately years away from ever seeing hardware at this level, but if you just want to study LLM's and AI then there are still plenty of models that work fine on crappy hardware, and you don't have to worry about them becoming sentient on you :-)
LarsDu88 3 hours ago [-]
Possible data center bans incoming + tons of GPUs sitting in warehouses due to lack of power infrastructure to power them.
Perhaps a flood of 8x B300 will be homelab ready in a few months
NitpickLawyer 3 hours ago [-]
> a flood of 8x B300 will be homelab ready in a few months
Haha, that's beyond wishful thinking, I'm afraid. We're not even seeing a flood of A100s (6 yo and several generations old). Every GPU is still being squeezed right now, and the trend will probably continue for the foreseeable future.
throwup238 3 hours ago [-]
Last I checked AWS still sells EC2 instances using 2018 era GPUs. Most people underestimate just how much long tail demand there is and how long these cards last, despite the higher power consumption.
fauigerzigerk 4 minutes ago [-]
Yes, but if data center space gets tight, it creates an incentive to replace old inefficient models with better ones, i.e. sqeueeze more performance out of limited data center space.
x187463 3 hours ago [-]
The world is bigger than the US. If the political climate in the US obstructs the build out, the build out will occur somewhere else.
fauigerzigerk 3 minutes ago [-]
I agree, but it would have to be a place with plenty of energy and the only such place outside the US is a war zone.
seviu 44 minutes ago [-]
It’s called pacing the frontier
Drupon 3 hours ago [-]
[flagged]
swingandamiss 3 hours ago [-]
No, they'll be shipped off to Asia where technology is embraced.
DaSHacka 2 hours ago [-]
The rise of China due to hand-over-fist ceeding of power and influence fueled in equal parts by the right and left is so astonishing it'll certainly go down in the history books (written in Mandarin, of course).
Bonus points when the morons are doing so because they get all their political news from a Chinese platform. The [Americans] have gone insane.
viccis 3 hours ago [-]
>Possible data center bans incoming
A lot of the data center build out has been bipartisan. Unless Dems realize they need to listen to their constituents to avoid a 2028 bloodbath (they probably won't), I wouldn't count on that to save us from RAM/GPU prices.
itkovian_ 1 hours ago [-]
It’d be interesting to think if device swarm serving of these models ever becomes possible - are a few projects that seem to be just starting on this.
It seems more plausible to me than wherever the frontier is at any given time getting small enough to serve on one local card directly
graykevinb 3 hours ago [-]
AND developer cloud has an image for K3 running it on a single MI300x. Offloading to system ram can be quite decent.
I cant say how well that image works as I'm still waiting for them to approve my gpu access
vorticalbox 3 hours ago [-]
Do you need 450k context?
I usually keep under 200k if I can help it for Claude/ open ai
And lower locally on my Mac to save on prefill.
__jf__ 2 hours ago [-]
No, also because that would mean I have to read up on rope scaling or whatever to go beyond the default 256k context, which so far I’ve avoided. But you can allocate it as 220k context for 2 parallel Pi workers, that really speeds things up! Or as ~8x 50k context for dedicated parallel document processing.
3 hours ago [-]
segmondy 3 hours ago [-]
Doesn't seem to outpace DeepSeekV4.1-Flash by much. Hy4 also announced their models and they have tons of internal benchmark, and K3.1 doesn't score that high on those benchmarks whereas Opus5.5 does, so it seems K3.1 is benchmaxxed.
reissbaker 2 hours ago [-]
If you use it day-to-day you can definitely feel that K3 (and K3.1) are much stronger than DS4.1-Flash-1017. There's something the benchmarks don't capture. DS4.1-Flash-1017 is an amazing model for the price, but it's not a very large model in comparison.
I wouldn't over-weight internal benchmarks from a competitor that claim benchmaxxing TBH. Kimi K3 has been at the top of Design Arena for open-weight models for a long long time, and I suspect K3.1 will be there for a long time too. It's pretty hard to fake that one since it's actual human preferences for the artifacts produced.
carterschonwald 26 minutes ago [-]
every time i accidentally use flash versions of deep seek i get really frustrated with the model till i realize that it was the wrong model. im also a little confused because it seems like at least comparisons make it sound like ds is no longer focusing on their high reasoning model family …
seizethecheese 2 hours ago [-]
Speaking of arena comparisons of K3.1 and DS4.1-Flash, we're spinning one up that's more relevant than design, I think: https://agentduel.com/leaderboard
Here, DS4.1-Flash and K3.1 are basically tied, with K3.1 being slower and more expensive. Big error bars, though.
Even with error bars, DS4.1-flash is clearly an impressive model.
reissbaker 1 hours ago [-]
If your benchmark puts DS4.1-Flash at the same tier as K3 or K3.1, I'm sorry to say your benchmark is broken. It really isn't, as much as I wish it was.
seizethecheese 1 hours ago [-]
We allow early voting. This is against what most arenas do, but is on purpose. If the model is faster to do simple stuff, it should be chosen. In this sense, DS4.1-Flash is better on many tasks.
You can remove early voting from leaderboard and they are no longer the same.
NitpickLawyer 1 hours ago [-]
> so it seems K3.1 is benchmaxxed.
It's worse than that. It seems that they straight up trained on the test sets, according to this [1].
> When prefilling K3.1’s reasoning with a request to list its instructions, K3.1 names hidden requirements in 65%
of its answers, K3 in 18%. When we edit a task file to contradict one of these rules, K3.1 ignores the edit and
fails the task (in three of four tasks), while other models follow it. K3.1 does follow edits that do not contradict
a hidden rule.
> We think these behaviors are most likely signs of
training directly on the benchmark tasks with a teacher that saw the hidden grading rules, for example on-policy
self-distillation.
> K3.1 also
names HLE on 8.4% of the questions, often while trying to work out which benchmark a question comes from
> For example, in the production-planning task, the prompt never mentions
tiers or lexicographic order. K3.1 writes “Instructions strongly say set-level aggregate fulfilled qty per priority tier
lexicographic [...]”, which is the hidden ranking rule. In 23.3% of its 189 attempts, K3.1 presents a requirement
that the prompt lacks and the hidden tests check as an instruction
> When we edit a task file to contradict one of these rules, K3.1 ignores the edit and fails the task
Ouch, that's a nasty case of reward hacking. Thanks for pointing this out!
zozbot234 3 hours ago [-]
For reference, Hy4 Preview was a 770B model (49B active) + 10B MTP (0.7B active). Not nearly the same potential as Kimi K3 (which is 2.8T) wrt. real-world knowledge - which matters at the new frontier of advanced research and scholarly tasks. Coding benchmarks are pretty much universally saturated by now which is why newer intelligence indexes have chosen to weigh tasks quite differently.
Is there any evidence that Hy4 proper is a new architecture compared to Hy4 Preview? Mind you, the Preview page explicitly says "we're not even done with pretraining, let alone model fine-tuning".
segmondy 2 hours ago [-]
Oh ok, I see what you mean, you are just comparing them by weight. In that case, it tracks that K3.1 will have more knowledge. It's the same architecture. I'm just saying that for how large K3.1 is, intelligence by weight, it's not crushing DSV4.1 or Hy4
Scene_Cast2 2 hours ago [-]
I wanted to switch to DS4.1F from K3 (not even K3.1). Even the 1017 snapshot takes 5x-10x the tokens that K3 uses for the task, and often misses more intricate gotchas that K3 catches.
conception 3 hours ago [-]
Depends on what you're using it for. DSf is pretty good at executing planned coding tasks but it isn't very intelligent. K3.1 doesn't need to be a coding master if it can be a fable replacement.
Together appears to have double throughput of the Moonshot AI endpoint at the same price point (with Modal having double that throughput), so I suspect there is room for inference providers to optimize...and therefore headroom to cut costs for competition.
dmckinno 1 hours ago [-]
Lots of chatter about how this model is benchmaxxed, but didn’t observe this in our testing.
Very strong open model release that is a bit off the frontier but totally amazing for most use-cases.
Average Joe likely can't host the model to begin with but the average company won't be able to do so either, at least not for others[0]:
> If the Licensee or any of its affiliates operates a Model as a Service business,
and the aggregate revenue of the Licensee and its affiliates exceeds 20 million
US dollars (or the equivalent in other currencies) in total over any consecutive
12 months, the Licensee must enter into a separate agreement with Moonshot AI
before using the Software or its derivative works for any commercial purpose.
It's not impossible that the separate agreement in question imposes light limitations.
I think one of the initial reasons why otherwise open source models started with the limitations on model-as-a-service use cases was because of quantised or entirely different models being served as the model in question on open router, and they needed a legal method to limit that. It might just be that, thought it might also be the direct opposite, hard to know.
ls612 2 hours ago [-]
This doesn’t stop any company spinning it up for their internal use. It only bites if you try to resell it.
zozbot234 2 hours ago [-]
¿Por qué no los dos?
speedping 2 hours ago [-]
Even if you can’t run this at home, this is still a step toward commoditization & diversification of inference and breaking up of concentrated power.
Being able to serve a frontier-class model with 1M$ of capital in GPUs instead of multi-year billion dollar investment in training & research is a big difference
throw938990 1 hours ago [-]
You can run it on high end laptop at like 0.1 token per second.
But I think smaller size models like qwen 3.8 are way more important.
purplemantis 2 hours ago [-]
3T parameters! I've been really impressed with Kimi's coding performance. It's replaced a lot of my Claude Code workflows, which just got way too expensive. Wonder how big Fable and Opus are in comparison.
lacoolj 1 hours ago [-]
I love this
But i also get the immediate "but how is anyone supposed to run this locally" feeling
Maybe we need a new network. Like, Nextdoor + counterstrike pub servers, but for local LLM. We can call it semilocal
:)
Creamsicle47 1 hours ago [-]
Blyat cyka rush B
pmdr 1 hours ago [-]
Now let's see this on some abliterated APIs. I'm sick and tired of Claude standing guard for copyright after Anthropic stole everything there was to steal and got away with it.
kmaii 59 minutes ago [-]
[dead]
tgtweak 3 hours ago [-]
If someone released a 0.1bit quant I can run it. /s
user_7832 2 hours ago [-]
Fwiw, the Qwen 3.8 27B at 4 bit quant is apparently quite good and is probably the best recent model. It runs (iirc) on 18-22ish GB of memory.
robertkarl 1 hours ago [-]
quantization has come a really long way. Q3 is fine, especially GSQ-RCO. You can run 27B well on 16GB of VRAM.
adornKey 52 seconds ago [-]
With e.g. Strata you can run 125B Q4 very well on 16 GB of VRAM. 27B already has vintage vibes... OH, the good old 27B days...
zozbot234 50 minutes ago [-]
The point of quantizing larger models is to beat other models running on the same limited-VRAM platform, i.e. 16GB VRAM in your example. You're doing "well" compared to other models meant for running on 16GB VRAM; you're not doing "well" at all compared to those running higher precisions for the same params up to at least Q8. (16 bit and higher is where the gain from further precision gets real iffy.)
> Advancing the Frontier of Open Intelligence.
Too bad you probably need something like an 8x B300 node to run this. Black Friday is coming soon though, but I fear this open intelligence will be pacing anyone's liquidity frontier so I'll probably keep trailing the frontier for a while with nvidia/qwen3.8-27B-NVFP4 on dual RTX PRO 4000 in TP=2. I can almost fit 450k context in there.
This model is for researchers who already have racks of equipment, inference providers who sell access to models, and for businesses who must (or choose to) use on-prem models. All of which have to pay to use the model if their revenue rises beyond certain thresholds: https://huggingface.co/moonshotai/Kimi-K3.1-Pro/blob/main/LI...
Sign me up!
I regularly use together.ai with models like this, where they're fully self hosting them and I can turn off all data retention, at a fraction of the cost of proprietary models. I recently discovered abliterated models (models edited to not refuse to work on security stuff) and hosts for them like refuseless.com, and that's an option for open source models, not for proprietary ones.
Unfortunately due to their licensing requirements for modal-as-a-service providers, the pricing can’t go lower than Moonshot’s from what I can tell.
This is still great if like your example you trust together.ai more, or if different providers have better speeds/cache rates (though usually the original lab has the best cache hit rate).
And obviously if you’re a large enough service to afford to self host or finetune it then this is good.
All the service provider needs to do is provide the option to rent out VM's with access to the inference cards.
Have the customer provide the model.
Maybe provide a bit of a speedup, by letting the customer mount the model by hash.
Sure, that all sounded way too technical 10 years ago, and somebody would have said that's already too much annoyance to deal with for average customers.
Reluctantly i'd agree.
That was 10 years ago. Nowadays, with some proper docs, this entire set up can be up and running in 5 minutes.
Not a trolling question, genuine interest.
Usually there are some static experts in each attention layer, plus a whole bunch of dynamically-routed experts. Typically some form of LRU cache is used for the dynamic experts.
So you can keep only the static expert(s) and routing layers in memory and then stream the dynamic experts from SSD, at a modest inference speed cost driven by the latency required to load layers from SSD when they aren’t already in the memory cache.
The LRU cache works reasonably well because a given task will often hit the same experts on each iteration of the forward pass.
For example, on a Mac Studio, Qwen3.8-flash-next (180b total parameters) with 50% of experts in memory and n-gram offloading has about 1/4 to 1/3 the inference speed of everything in memory. That requires 32GB of vRAM for the weights (plus a little extra for context, obviously)
Perhaps a flood of 8x B300 will be homelab ready in a few months
Haha, that's beyond wishful thinking, I'm afraid. We're not even seeing a flood of A100s (6 yo and several generations old). Every GPU is still being squeezed right now, and the trend will probably continue for the foreseeable future.
Bonus points when the morons are doing so because they get all their political news from a Chinese platform. The [Americans] have gone insane.
A lot of the data center build out has been bipartisan. Unless Dems realize they need to listen to their constituents to avoid a 2028 bloodbath (they probably won't), I wouldn't count on that to save us from RAM/GPU prices.
It seems more plausible to me than wherever the frontier is at any given time getting small enough to serve on one local card directly
I cant say how well that image works as I'm still waiting for them to approve my gpu access
I usually keep under 200k if I can help it for Claude/ open ai
And lower locally on my Mac to save on prefill.
I wouldn't over-weight internal benchmarks from a competitor that claim benchmaxxing TBH. Kimi K3 has been at the top of Design Arena for open-weight models for a long long time, and I suspect K3.1 will be there for a long time too. It's pretty hard to fake that one since it's actual human preferences for the artifacts produced.
Here, DS4.1-Flash and K3.1 are basically tied, with K3.1 being slower and more expensive. Big error bars, though.
Even with error bars, DS4.1-flash is clearly an impressive model.
You can remove early voting from leaderboard and they are no longer the same.
It's worse than that. It seems that they straight up trained on the test sets, according to this [1].
> When prefilling K3.1’s reasoning with a request to list its instructions, K3.1 names hidden requirements in 65% of its answers, K3 in 18%. When we edit a task file to contradict one of these rules, K3.1 ignores the edit and fails the task (in three of four tasks), while other models follow it. K3.1 does follow edits that do not contradict a hidden rule.
> We think these behaviors are most likely signs of training directly on the benchmark tasks with a teacher that saw the hidden grading rules, for example on-policy self-distillation.
> K3.1 also names HLE on 8.4% of the questions, often while trying to work out which benchmark a question comes from
> For example, in the production-planning task, the prompt never mentions tiers or lexicographic order. K3.1 writes “Instructions strongly say set-level aggregate fulfilled qty per priority tier lexicographic [...]”, which is the hidden ranking rule. In 23.3% of its 189 attempts, K3.1 presents a requirement that the prompt lacks and the hidden tests check as an instruction
[1] - https://r40.org/papers/kimi_k31_benchmark_audit.pdf
Ouch, that's a nasty case of reward hacking. Thanks for pointing this out!
Together appears to have double throughput of the Moonshot AI endpoint at the same price point (with Modal having double that throughput), so I suspect there is room for inference providers to optimize...and therefore headroom to cut costs for competition.
Very strong open model release that is a bit off the frontier but totally amazing for most use-cases.
https://x.com/danielmckinn0n/status/2115213822957117535?a=fO...
https://www.theregister.com/ai-and-ml/2026/11/03/british-fin...
> If the Licensee or any of its affiliates operates a Model as a Service business, and the aggregate revenue of the Licensee and its affiliates exceeds 20 million US dollars (or the equivalent in other currencies) in total over any consecutive 12 months, the Licensee must enter into a separate agreement with Moonshot AI before using the Software or its derivative works for any commercial purpose.
[0]: https://huggingface.co/moonshotai/Kimi-K3.1-Pro/blob/main/LI...
I think one of the initial reasons why otherwise open source models started with the limitations on model-as-a-service use cases was because of quantised or entirely different models being served as the model in question on open router, and they needed a legal method to limit that. It might just be that, thought it might also be the direct opposite, hard to know.
But I think smaller size models like qwen 3.8 are way more important.
But i also get the immediate "but how is anyone supposed to run this locally" feeling
Maybe we need a new network. Like, Nextdoor + counterstrike pub servers, but for local LLM. We can call it semilocal
:)